Pale gums

Vacuity of the qi of blood, affection by cold

Scarlet red gums

Heat of stomach

Bleeding gums

Heat of stomach, stagnation of blood, excess of the qi of stomach and small/large intestines

Swelled up gums

Heat of stomach, stagnation of blood, excess of the qi of stomach and small/large intestines

Light, dry, dystrophic gums

Vacuity of qi of stomach, vacuity of Yin qi in kidneys